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Quality of life in dysphagia and anxiety and depression symptoms pre and post-thyroidectomy

Qualidade de vida em disfagia e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão pré e pós-tireoidectomia

Gabriel Trevizani Depolli; Gustavo Batista de Oliveira; Thais Jejesky de Oliveira; Marco Homero de Sá Santos; Ricardo Mai Rocha; Michelle Ferreira Guimarães; Elma Heitmann Mares Azevedo

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20232022099en CoDAS, vol.35, n5, e20220099, 2023
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Abstract

Purpose

To correlate the dysphagia quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression before and after thyroidectomy.

Methods

Observational, longitudinal, prospective, and experimental study. Twenty patients participated, with a mean age of 54 years, prevalence of females (n=17; 85%) and partial thyroidectomy (n=14; 70%). All subjects underwent laryngeal visual examination and answered the MD Anderson Dysphagia Questionnaire (MDADI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in three different moments: preoperatively, immediately postoperatively (maximum one week) and three months after surgery.

Results

There was a significant difference in dysphagia quality of life for the physical and total domains in the three different moments. Regarding anxiety and depression, a statistically significant difference was observed between the scores in all domains, with a greater difference observed between the preoperative period and after 1 week. Higher values were observed in the preoperative period for mild anxiety traits, being more frequent in relation to depression, with a reduction after 1 week and an increase after three months of surgery. There was no significant correlation between the MDADI and HADS protocols.

Conclusion

Patients undergoing thyroidectomy self-report better quality of life in dysphagia and reduced anxiety/depression scores after three months of surgery. There was no correlation between anxiety, depression and quality of life in dysphagia at the moments evaluated.

Keywords

Thyroidectomy; Deglutition Disorders; Quality of Life; Anxiety; Depression

Resumo

Objetivo

Correlacionar a qualidade de vida em disfagia e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão pré e pós-tireoidectomia.

Método

Estudo observacional, longitudinal, prospectivo e quantitativo. Participaram 20 pacientes, com média de idade de 54 anos, maior prevalência do sexo feminino (n=17; 85%) e de tireoidectomia parcial (n=14; 70%). Todos realizaram exame visual laríngeo e responderam ao Questionário de Disfagia M. D. Anderson (MDADI) e à Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS), no pré-operatório, pós-operatório recente (máximo uma semana) e três meses pós-operatório.

Resultados

Houve diferença significante na qualidade de vida em disfagia, para os domínios físico e total, nos três momentos. Quanto à ansiedade e depressão foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre as pontuações em todos os domínios, com maior diferença observada entre o pré-operatório e pós-operatório recente. Foram observados valores mais altos no pré-operatório para traços leves de ansiedade, sendo mais frequentes em relação à depressão, com redução após 1 semana e aumento após três meses de cirurgia. Não houve correlação significante entre os protocolos MDADI e HADS.

Conclusão

Os pacientes submetidos à tireoidectomia autorreferem melhor qualidade de vida em disfagia e redução dos escores de ansiedade/depressão após três meses de cirurgia. Não houve correlação entre ansiedade, depressão e qualidade de vida em disfagia nos momentos avaliados.

Palavras-chave

Tireoidectomia; Transtornos de Deglutição; Qualidade de Vida; Ansiedade; Depressão

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» http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.26365

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» http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajco.13384

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